ID081: Software feedback for DESY HERA-e RF power control
F.Willeke, R.Weck (Desy, Getmany)
L.Kopylov, M,Mikheev, S.Merker (IHEP, Russia )
To maintain the stable operation of RF system of DESY HERA electron ring a software feedback system has been implemented. It controls the power and phase of RF transmitters with total power up to 4 MW. Data coming from 7 FECs are processed by second level FEC. It calculates the optimal values of power and phase for 7 transmitters, taking in account beam load and power limits.The physical model, implementation and critical points of operation are described in the paper.
Submitted by: Mikhail Mikheev
Full address: Institute for High Energy Physics, Pobeda 1, Protvino,
Moscow reg, Russia 142284
E-mail address: mms@oea.ihep.su
Fax number: +7 096 779 0811
Keywords: Feedback, RF, collider, software
ID082: Measuring Beam Losses in the THI project
GANIL L.David, P. Duneau, E. Lécorché, P. Lermine, E. Lemaitre, M. Ulrich
BP 5027 14076 CAEN Cedex 5
The goal of the THI project (High Intensity Transport) is to upgrade the GANIL facilities by increasing the beam by a factor of 15, at least for light ions. So the actual 1011 pps will be boosted to 2.1013 pps to get 6 kilowatts heavy ion beams at 95 Mev/nucleon. This higher intensity is required by the radioactive beam facility SPIRAL starting in september 1997, to generate the new nuclear species in the solid target-source (ISOL method). For the control system, the most important issues are now to tune the accelerators while minimising the beam losses at each stage of acceleration and when not possible, to have a fast beam loss detection signal.This system is composed of probes which deliver a signal to stop the beam when there is too much intensity lost and when not, a logarithmic value of the beam intensity.These probes are linked to a front end VME crate on the network, and in the control room, on the workstations, a graphical user interface program displays the beam variations using logarithmic scales.This program is also used to center the beam while injecting in or ejecting from the main cyclotrons by tuning the steerers, the internal magnetic elements, and the electrostatic deflector to be able to separate and extract the last beam turn.
Submitted by : L.David & E. Lecorche
Full address: Groupe Informatique Machine GANIL BP 5027 14076 CAEN
Cedex 5
E-mail : david@ganil.fr
, lecorche@ganil.fr
Fax number : 33 02 31 45 47 28
keywords : display, beam centering, logarithmic probes
ID084: Recent Developments in the Application of Object Oriented Technologies in the CERN-PS Control System
M. Arruat, F. Di Maio, Y. Pujante, N. Gomez-Rojo
PS Division, CERN
The software architecture of the CERN-PS control system is strongly based on the object concepts. "Equipment-modules", designed and implemented during the late 70s, introduced the concepts of abstraction and encapsulation, leading to an object-oriented implementation, during the 80s. The current software architecture, set-up during the past 6 years, implements a well-defined object model in the front-end computers from which the console-level classes have been derived. In this context, the integration of the object oriented technologies is a natural and continuous process. This paper will report on the most recent evolution of this architecture at console level: the migration of the system libraries to C++, the introduction of Object Oriented CASE tools, the connection with CDEV (from TJNAF) and the integration of Java. The emphasis will be on the technical aspects, the design decisions and the experience gained. An overview of the classes will be provided as well.
Submitted by: F. DI MAIO
Full address: PS Division CERN CH-1211 Geneva 23 Switzerland
E-mail address: Franck.Di.Maio@cern.ch
Fax number: +41 22 767 9145
Keywords: object-oriented technologies, software-engineering, software
sharing, . C++, Java
ID085: Integration of Relational Database in the CERN PS Control System
J.H. Cuperus, M. Lelaizant
PS Division, CERN
The control system for the CERN PS accelerator complex (7 accelerators) is a generic system, which can be adapted to any accelerator. Most configuration data are in a relational database. From these data we can generate the following components: object interfaces for the equipment, configuration files for the front-end computers, configuration data for generic applications programs and an alarm system, a read-only database for easy accelerator control process interfacing, and full dynamic documentation on the Web. The database is also used in real-time for run time references and archives, and for the working data of several application programs. Data entry and other manual interactions with the database are mainly through user-friendly bitmapped forms. Related forms and associated programs are grouped in menu structures. All complex actions are automated with scripts. The advantages of having all the data easily accessible in one place are many: a consistent system and good documentation, easy handling of complex installations, easy maintenance and fault finding, and reduced programming manpower through generic programs. We conclude ends with a critical discussion of the role of databases of any kind in accelerator control systems and possible future developments.
Submitted by: J H. CUPERUS
Full address: PS Division CERN CH-1211 Geneva 23 Switzerland
E-mail address: jan.cuperus@cern.ch
Fax number: +41 22 767 9145
Keywords: database, relational, controls, accelerators
ID086: An Alternative to Classical Real-time Magnetic Field Measurements using a Magnet Model
W. Heinze, J. Lewis, M. Lindroos, T. Salvermoser
PS Division, CERN
Longitudinal and transversal beam control in the circular accelerators depends critically on a reliable real-time measurement of the bending magnetic field. Traditionally this is done with a long-coil measurement generating an incremental magnetic field train. In the CERN PS Booster, such a measurement generates a 1 Gauss step-size train with an absolute precision of 0.1%. Modern magnet control can be done with a precision of 0.01%. Consequently, a synthezised magnetic field train based on a reliable magnet model could potentially yield a 10 times better result. Within the CERN PS for LHC project, the main power supply of the PSB has been updated to a full cycle L dl/dt control. This has made it possible to model the entire magnetic cycle with a refined magnet model, and to synthesize a real-time magnetic field train from a newly developed programmable pulse generator. We will discuss the general design concepts and the first results.
Submitted by: J. LEWIS
Full address: PS Division CERN CH-211 Geneva 23 Switzerland
E-mail address: julian.lewis@cern.ch
Fax number: +41 22 767 9145
Keywords: magnetic fields, real-time measurements, model
ID087: Generic Automated Beam Steering and Beam Shaping Programs with an Object Oriented Approach
M. Arruat, F. di Maio, G.-H. Hemelsoet, M. Lindroos, O. Tungesvik
PS Division, CERN
The production and maintenance of the high brightness beam for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in the pre-injectors, which will operate at the limit of their performance, will demand that even small perturbations of e.g. beam trajectory, orbit and beam shape are corrected on a daily basis. The corrections applied have to be based on the existing machine model to avoid a slow "drift" of the machine parameters away from the nominal values. To help the operators in this work, Automatic Beam Steering and Beam Shaping (ABS) application programs are being introduced. We will present the development of a generic and modular software for this purpose. The aim is to end up with a data-driven, portable application package, that has a common look and feel for the different machines and transfer lines for which it is installed, and for the different types of corrections for which it applies. The programs have interfaces to several different instrumentation devices, normally external software applications, used to measure the actual beam positions or optics. For calculation of new machine settings, the programs use the CERN developed Mathematica program BeamOptics. To provide a portable solution, the CDEV API (Application Program Interface) will be supported as an interface/abstraction layer between the application and the CERN specific control system. We will discuss in detail one specific program.
Submitted by: M. LINDROOS
Full address: PS Division CERN CH-1211 Geneva 23 Switzerland
E-mail address: mats.lindroos@cern.ch
Fax number: +41 22 767 9145
Keywords: beam steering, object-oriented program
ID088: Database for Accelerator Optics
B. Autin, F. Di Maio, M.Gourber-Pace, M. Lindroos, J. Schinzel
PS Division, CERN
The Automated Beam Steering and Shaping (ABS) project aims to provide an automatic, generic and reliable system to ensure the provision of high quality particle beams to users of any accelerator complex. An important component of this project is the access to validated reference data describing the different components installed in the machines, such as monitors and optical and magnetic properties of all magnets. These properties are dependent on the type of particle, on the energy and on the destination of the beam to be treated. The data model must therefore be able to represent several particle beams along different trajectories through the same element. Furthermore, the database design must be sufficiently generic to allow the description of all magnetic elements from a simple dipole to complex multi-coil magnets. For a given operation, the sequence of optics elements with the parameters appropriate to the type of beam must be extracted, suitably formatted and passed as input to a beam optics program. This paper describes the problems encountered during the analysis, the resulting data schema and the software developed for data maintenance. An example is given for the machines of the CERN-PS complex.
Submitted by: M. GOURBER-PACE
Full address: PS Division CERN CH-1211 Geneva 23 Switzerland
E-mail address: marine.gourber-pace@cern.ch
Fax number: +41 22 767 9145
Keywords: database, accelerator optics
ID089: Using a Fibre Optic CAN Bus for the Proton Source Control of the CERN PS-Linac
G. Gräwer, W. Heinze
PS Division, CERN
Following the recommendations for the use of field buses at CERN, the CAN bus has been chosen to control and acquire the necessary parameters of the proton source of the LINAC II. This project represents two novel aspects, one on the hardware, and one on the software side. Since the source is on a high electrical potential (94 kV), an optical fibre interface has been developed, which connects the VME CAN bus controller (on ground potential) with the CAN equipment in the proton source. Concerning the software, the CAN protocol had to be integrated in the equipment access method used in the PS, the Equipment Module concept.
Submitted by: W. HEINZE
Full address: PS Division CERN CH-211 Geneva 23 Switzerland
E-mail address: wolfgang.heinze@cern.ch
Fax number: +41 22 767 9145
Keywords: CAN bus, fibreoptic, equipment access, field bus
ID090: The Application of Personal Computer
in Topography Experimental Station
at the BSRF
Wang G.L. Jiang J.H. Tian Y.L. Han Y. Wang Z.G.
BSRF, Institute of High energy Physics, Beijing 100039, China
The X-ray topography station and attached beam line 4W1A are part of the Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility (BSRF). We use two PCs for the beam line control, data acquisition and images capture, treatment system.
1. Beam line control The 4W1A is a white, monochromatic X-ray beam line, which equipped with two water-cooling tunable slits used for define the incident beam size, equipped with a double-crystal monochromator for monochromatic x-rays. The slits and monochromator are driven by stepping motors and controlled by a SMC-2 interface developed by ourselves. The beam line is also equipped with an ionization chamber used for monitor the incident beam intensity. The amplified and discriminated X-ray intensity signals(TTL pulses) are scaled by SMC-2 interface too. The SMC-2 interface is a standard ISA bus interface, which has one channel timer, three channels scalar and can control eight motors simultaneously.
2. Experimental system The experimental station is used mainly for the study of diffraction topography and X-ray Standing Wave(XSW) research. The main parts of experiment system consist of white-radiation topography camera, double axes diffractometer, versatile environment chamber and X-ray video images processing system. Most of these are controlled by PC and run on Windows 95 platform simultaneously. The double axes diffractometer have up to eight rotary axes used for coincident with the incident beam and carry the specimen and NaI scintillate detector to known position. All these axes are driven by stepping motors and run in open loop control. A local IEEE-488 bus with the PC plug-in IEEE-488 interface is used for motors control and data acquisition. Besides this, the on-line computer has two other purpose. One is the fluorescence spectrometer, which consists of a PC plug-in EG&G multichannel(MCA) buffer and attached window-based software. Another purpose is communication with the temperature control system of the versatile sample environment chamber through RS-232 bus. The temperature control system is based on a Eurotherm controller and SSR with the resolution of about 0.1°C. Another P/100 computer is used for topography images capture, treatment system, which consists of an X-ray sensitive CCD detector, a high resolution monitor and a high speed image capture card(PCI bus). System functions include real-time image subtraction, image plot, and a wide range of image processing filters. The images can be captured by standard BMP or TIF file up to rate of 25 frames/sec. A substantial improvement on the image quality can be achieved when using this system. 3. Results The whole system has been put into operation and runs steadily. The efforts are doing to make the software more standardization and easy to use.
Submitted by: Wang Gongli, BSRF, IHEP
E-mail: wanggl@bepc3.ihep.ac.cn
Tel : ext. 2424
Key words: Synchrotron radiation, Control, Personal computer
ID091: Digital Signal Processing for Plasma Control at KT-1.
S.J. Hong, D.C. Son
Kyungpook National University, South Korea H.J. Choi Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, South Korea
S.H. Jeong, J.S. Yoon
Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, South Korea
We report on a feedback control system based on VME DSP, ADC modules and a real-time operating system. The feedback control system is added to an existing analog-based control system installed at KT-1, a small size Tokamak at Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute. The feedback control system controls vertical, horizontal and poloidal currents for optimum plasma operation at KT-1.
Submitted by : S.J. Hong
Full address: Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University,
1370 Sankyuk-Dong, Puk-Ku Taegu 702-701, South Korea
E-mail: hongsj@knuhep.kyungpook.ac.kr
Fax Number: 82-53-955-5356
Keywords: feedback, control, DSP, plasma, currents
ID092: Impedance Matching Control Using Feedback
Control System
at HABIT
S.J. Hong, J.H. Sim, D.C. Son
Kyungpook National University, South Korea
J.H. Choi, J. Hong, S.M. Hwang, M.C. Keum, J.G. Yang, K.H. Yu
Korea Basic Science Institute, South Korea
We report on a feedback control system based on VME DSP, ADC, stepper-motor controller boards and a real-time operating system. The feedback control system is tested at a Radio Frequency Test Facility (RFTF) and will be installed at Hanbit, a mirror plasma facility at Korea Basic Science Institute. The feedback control system controls an impedance matching between a RF source and antenna.
Submitted by: S.J. Hong
Full address: Department of Physics, Kyungpook National University,
1370 Sankyuk-Dong, Puk-Ku, Taegu 702-701, South Korea
E-mail: hongsj@knuhep.kyungpook.ac.kr
Fax Number: 82-53-955-5356
Keywords: feedback, control, DSP, impedance, matching
ID093: Timing System of the ATF
T.Naito, H.Hayano, T.Korhonen, S.Takeda, J.Urakawa
KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization
A timing system was constructed for Accelerator Test Facility(ATF) at KEK. The operation of ATF has several features, for example, multi-bunch acceleration, delta-f energy compensation, multi-train storage , etc.. The timing system consists of reference clocks, a beam repetition generator, optical transfer lines, synchronizer and delay modules, a bucket selector circuit and a bucket matching circuit. CAMAC interfaces and VISTA-SYSTEM for programing were used for control of each device. The hardware performance and software environment are presented.
Submitted by : T.Naito
Full address : 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305 Japan
E-mail Address : naitot@kekvax.kek.jp
Fax number : +81-298-64-0321
Keywords : ATF, Timing
ID094: Synchronization Scheme for the KEKB
T.Naito, J.Odagiri, N.Yamamoto, T.Suetake and T.Katoh
KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization
A scheme of synchronization for multi-CPU is proposed for KEKB control system. More than several tens of crates of VME and CAMAC will be used in the control system. Each CPU will be located at each station along the Linac, the Beam Transport Line and the Rings and connected with Ethernet each other. The synchronization between CPUs is essential for the precise control and measurement. A sharable common table and a hardware trigger signal scheme has been tested for realize the synchronization. The synchronization acts according to following procedure, 1)the software required synchronization sends a message for ask the status to each CPU, 2)the ready status from each CPU sends back to the sharable common table, 3)the hardware trigger signal generates when gets the ready status from all CPUs and distributes to each CPU, 4)the application software starts with the trigger signal. The performance and the future design are presented.
Submitted by : T.Naito
Full address : 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305 Japan
E-mail Address : naitot@kekvax.kek.jp
Fax number : +81-298-64-0321
Keywords : KEKB, VME
ID095: Data Acquisition System with Database at the SPring-8 Storage Ring
A. Taketani, T. Fukui, K. Kobayashi T. Masuda, R. Tanaka, T. Wada, and A. Yamashita
SPring-8, Kamigori, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-12, Japan
In the SPring-8 storage ring control, there are two ways to access machine equipments. One is an interactive read/write access and the other is cyclic reading to monitor machine status. The later is described in this paper. The machine data are taken by processes on VME CPU boards through I/O modules which are connected to the each equipment. The process works cyclicaland writes the data onto the shared memory. A process on the upstream EWS collects a latest dataset on the shared memory through a server process on the VME CPU. The dataset are stored onto the database by the database management system. Most of the machine status are stored in every 2seconds. These data can be accessed by any process on operator consoles. The system provides good performance to monitor more than hundreds of equipments with minimum load of VME CPU and network traffic.
Submitted by: Atsushi Taketani
Full address: SPring-8, Kamigori, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-12, Japan
E-mail address: taketani@spring8.or.jp
Fax number: +81-7915-8-0850
Keywords: data aqcuisition database VME monitoring
ID096: Design and Performance of the network system for the Storage Ring Control at SPring-8
T. Fukui, K. Kobayashi, T. Masuda, A. Taketani R. Tanaka, T. Wada and A. Yamashita
SPring-8, Kamigori, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-12, Japan
This paper presents the design and performance of the network system of the SPring-8 storage-ring control. The network system consists of fiveEthernet/FDDI switching hubs and a router interconnected by dual loop FDDI. VME CPU boards and operator consoles distributed over the accelerator complex are connected to the switching hubs through optical fibers or metal Ethernet cables. The LAN switching technology is applied to the system and provided good performance for the accelarator operation. The remote communication between VME boards and consoles are performed by the remote procedure calls(ONC/RPC) with TCP/IP protocol. The data transfer rate between CPU boards and consoles by RPC is around 300~500kB/sec. The average latency including overhead of the control sofware is measured to be 6msec which is good enough for the storage ring control. The paper describes about; 1) Network system design, 2) Remote communication, 3) Performance of the network system with RPC, 4) Performance of remote communication for the storage ring control, and 5) Summary of reasults.
Submitted by: Toru Fukui
Full address: SPring-8, Kamigori, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-12, Japan
E-mail address: fukui@spring8.or.jp
Fax number: +81-7915-8-0850
Keywords: RPC, switching technology
ID097: The first operation of control system at the SPring-8 storage ring
R. Tanaka, T. Fukui, K. Kobayashi, T. Masuda A. Taketani, T. Wada and A. Yamashita
SPring-8, Kamigori, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-12, Japan
The SPring-8 storage ring, the third generation light-source, has been started its beam commissioning since March 1997. The control system based on the standard model of the UNIX and VMEbus system has successfully performed accelerator operation of 8GeV electron beam, and the synchrotron radiation light generated by an insertion device has been observed. The software architecture of the control system designed with the client/server scheme has well operated over the distributed computing environment with the FDDI optical-fiber network. The relational database system has been widely used for machine data acquisition, archiving, and management of equipment parameters. The results of the control system from the experience of the storage ring operation are summarized.
Submitted by Ryotaro TANAKA
address: SPring-8, Kamigori, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-12, Japan
e-mail : tanakar@spring8.or.jp
fax no. : +81-7915-8-0850
Keywords: control system architecture, accerelator status, FDDI
network, client/server, relational database
ID098: The alarm system for the SPring-8 storage ring
A. Yamashita, T. Fukui, K. Kobayashi, T. Masuda A. Taketani, R. Tanaka and T. Wada
SPring-8, Kamigori, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-12, Japan
The alarm system of the SPring-8 storage ring(SR) consists of three parts, alarm surveillance, display, and notify. All of programs running on operator consoles are distributed clients of the accelerator database system. A relational database system is used for the alarm data management. The survey program watches the SR equipment status from the on-line database. It compares equipment status to that of the nominal value written in the parameter database and writes alarm data to the on-line database when it is the alarm status. The survey program also records alarm history to the archive database for further analysis. The display program reads the alarm data from the on-line database and displays it by graphical user interfaces. The voice alarm program is monitoring the alarm database and notifies alert to operators with human-like voice messages whenever any severealarm observed. The alarm system designed by the client/server scheme gives a flexible extension providing functionality of any client program can access alarm status from everywhere on the network.
Submitted by Akihiro Yamashita
Address: SPring-8, Kamigori, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-12, Japan
E-mail : aki@spring8.or.jp
Fax no. : +81-7915-8-0850
Keywords: Alarm, database, client-server system
A099: The database system for the SPring-8 storage ring control
A. Yamashita, T. Fukui, T. Masuda, K. Kobayashi, A. Taketani, R. Tanaka and T. Wada
SPring-8, Kamigori, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-12, Japan
The control system for the SPring-8 storage ring(SR) is developed using a relational database management system(RDBMS). The accelerator databases consisting of, parameter database, on-line database and archive database are all managed by the same management system. The parameter database stores calibration parameters, equipment operation values, relation between the signals and so on. The normalized table minimizes management effort for example, configuration change, equipment addition or removal. The on-line database stores about 4000 signals with reasonable performance in every 1-2 seconds. The on-line database is kept on the system one hour. The historical database, archive database, is generated by the sampling data from the on-line database. The structure of the archive database is almost identical to that of the on-line database. The standard data-access library provides client programs getting the machine status from tables in the databases. On the other hand, WWW browsers are widely used as the database gateway and any data stored on the database can be presented using their graphical tool. The data of parameter and archive database are replicated onto a secondary database server which can e switched to the primary server within minimum time loss whenever erious trouble happen to the primary server. The secondary server also erves client programs for off-line analysis to reduce the load of the primary server.
Submitted by Akihiro Yamashita
address: SPring-8, Kamigori, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-12, Japan
e-mail : aki@spring8.or.jp
fax no. : +81-7915-8-0850
Keywords: Relational database management system, accerelator operation,
data logging
ID100: The Use of ACOP Tools in Writing Control System Software
Ivan Deloose and Philip Duval
CERN PS Geneva and DESY MKI Hamburg
Several institutes are making increasing use of PCs in accelerator controls. In particular, Windows NT and/or Windows 95 is already, or is becoming, a supported platform at the client-end in a variety of control systems. Notably, control systems at CERN/ISOLDE, DESY/HERA, KEK/PF-LINAC, Daresbury, ISA (Denmark), MSI (Sweden), and ESRF currently make use of Windows NT as a control system client. As all of these control systems are either object-oriented or object-based, these is a considerable overlap in their functionality and required features. This point was realized at the PCaPAC '96 workshop, and gave rise to the ACOP work group (Accelerator Controls On PCs). The first fruit born of this group is the ACOP OLE Control eXtension ACOP.OCX, which is designed to support the functionality needs of object-base/object-oriented control systems, and to be shareable in binary form on Win32 platforms. The most popular OCX containers are typically Visual Basic and Visual C++, although they can be called directly from ActiveX and Java Basic. We report here in some detail on the usage of ACOP.OCX and its use at CERN and DESY, together with the progress on a compatible JAVA applet.
Submitted by: Philip Duval
Full address: DESY/MKI, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
E-mail address: duval@desy.de
Fax number: 49-40-8994-2724
Keywords: PC, Windows NT, Win32, OLE, OCX